Droughts are becoming increasingly common. When they happen, water supplies shrink, which can lead to serious problems for drinking water.
A drought is a long period without rain. It causes lakes, rivers, and reservoirs to dry up. This could be a little or a lot. When water sources shrink, the quality of the water changes. Droughts impact drinking water in many ways. Some problems are obvious, and others are hidden but just as harmful.
Lower Water Levels
Droughts cause water levels to drop. Many towns and cities rely on surface water from lakes and rivers. When these sources dry up, there is less water to go around.
Groundwater levels also fall. Wells can run dry. People who depend on private wells may struggle to find water.
Higher Concentration of Contaminants
This can make water unsafe to drink. It may also cause taste and odor problems.
Common Water Problems During a Drought
Droughts can introduce many new risks to drinking water. Some of the most common include:
Increased Sediment in Water
When reservoirs shrink, more dirt and debris mix into the water. This can cause water to be cloudy and harder to treat.
Sediment can also damage pipes and appliances. It may shorten the life of water filters as well.
Higher Levels of Bacteria
Low water flow means warmer water. Bacteria thrive in warm conditions. This can be dangerous.
Harmful microbes like E. coli can grow easily in warmer waters. This raises the risk of waterborne illnesses.
More Harmful Chemicals
When water is scarce, pollution becomes a bigger problem. Industrial waste, pesticides, and fertilizers become more concentrated.
Nitrate levels often rise. This is dangerous for infants and people with health conditions.
Increased Salt Content
In coastal areas, droughts can lead to saltwater intrusion. When freshwater supplies shrink, salty ocean water seeps into wells.
This makes drinking water salty and undrinkable. It can also corrode pipes and plumbing fixtures.
How Droughts Affect Water Treatment Plants
Water treatment plants work hard to keep water safe. But during a drought, their job becomes harder. Low water levels mean more contaminants. This forces treatment plants to use more chemicals. Extra treatment can change the taste and smell of water. Some people notice a more chlorine-like odor. Others may taste earthy or metallic flavors as well.
Struggles with Supply
Some treatment plants rely on large reservoirs. If these dry up, they must find new sources. Switching water sources can introduce new contaminants. It may also require new filtration methods.
Water Restrictions
During a drought, many areas limit water use. You may not be able to water your lawn or wash your car.
Sometimes, restrictions affect drinking water, too. People may need to boil water before drinking it. In extreme cases, bottled water or filtration may be the only option.
If you live in a drought-prone area, preparation is key.
Install a Home Filtration System
A
water filtration system
removes many contaminants. It can improve taste, remove sediment, and eliminate harmful bacteria.
Reverse osmosis is one of the best options. It removes salts, nitrates, and chemicals. A whole-home filtration system can protect your entire water supply.
Use Water Softeners if Needed
If drought conditions cause high mineral levels, a water softener can help. It removes hardness and prevents buildup in pipes and appliances.
Soft water can also extend the life of your water heater and dishwasher.
Test Your Water Regularly
Drought conditions change water quality. Regular water testing helps you stay informed.
Test for bacteria, nitrates, and heavy metals. If you notice changes in taste or smell, test your water immediately.
Store Emergency Water
In severe droughts, water shortages can happen. Keep an emergency supply of clean drinking water.
Store at least one gallon per person per day. Keep enough for at least three days.
What Happens When a Drought Ends?
Rain may return, but the effects of a drought linger. When rain finally comes, it can wash dirt and debris into water supplies. Flooding can carry pesticides and sewage into rivers and lakes. This can cause temporary water quality problems. Long droughts can also cause cracks in pipes. When water starts flowing again, leaks and breaks may appear.
This can lead to boil water advisories or water shortages.
Why Water Filtration Matters
No matter the weather, clean drinking water is essential. A water filtration system gives peace of mind. It removes harmful contaminants and improves water taste. In drought conditions, it provides an extra layer of protection.
Droughts can have a big impact on drinking water. They lower water levels, increase pollution, and make treatment more difficult. If you live in a drought-prone area, take the proper steps to protect your water. Install a filtration system, test your water, and store an emergency supply.
Clean water is a necessity. With the right precautions, you can keep your drinking water safe—no matter the conditions.